Most of the service providers now bring in a lot of products from partners to add to their service portfolio, so that customers can choose from a wide array to their preference and benefit. The service providers can also form channel partners through which they can offer their products to other markets where they don’t have any direct access. As the market is getting polarized to service providers and customer owners, partnerships are going to be the key. Virtual world is opening up with increasing operations of players like MVNO’s, extending services or products from other parties to their customers leveraging their brand power and customer access. Hence horizontal and vertical value chain integration is going to be a vital part of the consolidation and convergence strategy of any service provider. In the online content and commerce world, the length of value chain could go on to include content providers, brokers, intermediaries, network operators, payment processing entities, banks and so on. Revenue from the end customer needs to be shared among these value chain entities based on pre-defined agreements. Sometimes the revenue settlement process has to be done in real-time so that final transaction can be validated and output delivered to the end customer.